Conditionalul perfect (the perfect conditional)

Conditionalul perfect (The Perfect Conditional)

Se formeaza cu auxiliarele should/would (pers. I singular si plural) si would (pers. a II-a si a III-a singular si plural) plus infinitivul perfect al verbului de conjugat si se traduce prin optativ perfect in limba romana.

A. Conjugarea verbelor auxiliare la conditional perfect

to be - was - been = a fi

A ||   I should/would have been = eu as fi fost     we should/would have been = noi am fi fost

you would have been = tu ai fi fost you would have been = voi ati fi fost

he/she/it would have been = el/ea ar fi fost     they would have been = ei/ele ar fi fost

N ||   I should/would not have been = I shouldn't/wouldn't have been = eu nu as   (n-as) fi fost etc.

I ||    should/would I have been ? = eu as fi fost ? = as fi fost eu ? etc.

I - N || should/would I not have been ? = shouldn't/wouldn't I have been ? = eu nu as (n-as) fi fost ? = nu as

(n-as) fi fost eu ? etc.

to have - had - had = a avea

A ||   I should/would have had = eu as fi avut we should/would have had = noi am fi avut

you would have had = tu ai fi avut   you would have had = voi ati fi avut

he/she/it would have had = el/ea ar fi avut they would have had = ei/ele ar fi avut

N || I should/would not have had = I shouldn't/wouldn't have had = eu nu as (n-as) fi avut etc.

I || should/would I have had ? = eu as fi avut ? = as fi avut eu ? etc.

I - N || should/would I not have had ? = shouldn't/wouldn't I have had ? = eu nu as (n-as) fi avut ? = nu as

(n-as) fi avut eu ? etc.

to do - did - done = a face

A || I should/would have done = eu as fi facut   we should/would have done = noi am fi facut

you would have done = tu ai fi facut    you would have done = voi ati fi facut

he/she/it would have done = el/ea ar fi facut   they would have done = ei/ele ar fi facut

N || I should/would not have done = I shouldn't/wouldn't have done = eu nu as (n-as) fi facut etc.

I ||    should/would I have done ? = eu as fi facut ? = as fi facut eu ?

I-N ||    should/would I not have done ? = shoulnd't/wouldn't I have done ? = eu n-as fi facut ? = nu as fi facut

eu ?

B. Conjugarea verbelor modale la conditional perfect

can - could - o = to be able to

A ||   I should/would have been able to (go) = eu as fi fost in stare sa (merg)

you would have been able to (go) = tu ai fi fost in stare sa (mergi)

he/she/it would have been able to (go) = el/ea ar fi fost in stare sa (mearga)

we should/would have been able to (go) = noi am fi fost in stare sa (mergem)

you would have been able to (go) = voi ati fi fost in stare sa (mergeti)

they would have been able to (go) = ei/ele ar fi fost in stare sa (mearga)

I could have gone = eu puteam sa fi mers    we could have gone = noi puteam sa fi mers

you could have gone = tu puteai sa fi mers you could have gone = voi puteati sa fi mers

he/she/it could have gone = el/ea putea sa fi mers they could have gone = ei/ele puteau sa fi mers

N ||   I should/would not have been able to (go) = I shouldn't/wouldn't have been able to (go) = eu nu as (n-

as) fi fost in stare sa (merg) = eu nu as fi putut sa (merg) etc.

I could not have gone = I couldn't have gone = eu nu puteam sa fi mers etc.

I || should/would I have been able to (go) ? = as fi fost eu in stare sa (merg) ? etc.

could I have gone ? = puteam eu sa fi mers ? etc.

I - N || should/would I not have been able to (go) ? = shouldn't/wouldn't I have been able to (go) ?= nu as (n-

as) fi fost eu in stare sa (merg) ? = n-as fi putut eu sa (merg) ? etc.

could I not have gone ? = couldn't I have gone? = nu puteam eu sa fi mers ? etc.

may - might - o = to be permitted / allowed to

A || I should/would have been permitted/allowed to (go) = eu as fi avut voie sa (merg) = as fi putut sa (merg) = mie mi-ar fi fost permis/ingaduit sa (merg)

you would have been permitted/allowed to (go) = tu ai fi avut voie sa (mergi) = tu ai fi putut sa (mergi) = tie ti-ar fi fost permis/ingaduit sa (mergi)

he/she/it would have been permitted/allowed to (go) = el/ea ar fi avut voie sa (mearga) = el/ea ar fi putut sa (mearga) = lui i-ar fi fost permis/ingaduit sa (mearga)

we should/would have been permitted/allowed to (go) = noi am fi avut voie sa (mergem) = noi am fi putut   sa (mergem) = noua ne-ar fi fost permis/ingaduit sa (mergem)

you would have been permitted/allowed to (go) = voi ati fi avut voie sa (mergeti) = voi ati fi putut sa (mergeti) = voua v-ar fi fost permis /ingaduit sa (mergeti)

they would have been permitted/allowed to (go) = ei/ele ar fi avut voie sa (mearga) = ei/ele ar fi putut sa (mearga) = lor le-ar fi fost permis/ingaduit sa (mearga)

I might have gone = eu puteam sa fi mers   you might have gone = tu puteai sa fi mers

he/she/it might have gone = el/ea putea sa fi mers     we might have gone = noi puteam sa fi mers

you might have gone = voi puteati sa fi mers  they might have gone = ei/ele puteau sa fi mers

N ||   I should/would not (shouldn't) have been permited/allowed to (go) = eu nu as fi avut voie sa (merg) = eu    nu as fi putut sa (merg) = mie nu mi-ar fi fost permis/ ingaduit sa (merg) etc.

I might not (I mightn't) have gone = eu nu puteam sa fi mers etc.

I || should/would I have been permitted/allowed to (go) ? = eu as fi avut voie sa (merg) ? = eu as fi putut sa    (merg) ? = eu as fi putut (merge) ? = mie mi-ar fi fost permis/ingaduit sa (merg) ? etc.

might I have gone ? = puteam eu sa fi mers ? = eu puteam sa fi mers ? etc.

I - N ||should/would I not (shouldn't/wouldn't I) have been permitted/allowed to (go)? = eu nu as fi avut voie sa   (merg) ? = nu as (n-as) fi avut eu voie sa (merg) ? = eu nu as (n-as) fi putut sa (merg) ? = eu nu as (n-as) fi putut (merge) ? = mie nu mi-ar fi fost permis/ingaduit sa (merg) ? = nu mi-ar fi fost mie permis/ingaduit sa . ?

might I not have gone ? = mightn't I have gone ? = nu puteam eu sa fi mers ? = eu nu puteam sa fi mers ?

must - o - o = to have to

A || I should/would have had to (go) = eu ar fi trebuit sa (merg)

you would have had to (go) = tu ar fi trebuit sa (mergi)

he/she/it would have had to (go) = el/ea ar fi trebuit sa (mearga)

we should/would have had to (go) = noi ar fi trebuit sa (mergem)

you would have had to (go) = voi ar fi trebuit sa (mergeti)

they would have had to (go) = ei/ele ar fi trebuit sa (mearga)

N ||   I should/would not have had to (go) = eu nu ar fi trebuit sa (merg) etc.

I ||    should/would I have had to (go) ? = eu ar fi trebuit sa (merg) ? = ar fi trebuit eu sa (merg) ? etc.

I - N ||  should/would I not have had to (go)? = shouldn't/wouldn't I have had to (go)? = eu nu ar (n-ar) fi trebuit    sa (merg) ? = nu ar (n-ar) fi trebuit eu sa (merg) ? etc.

shall - should - o

A ||   I should have (come) = eu se cuvenea (trebuia) sa fi (venit)

you should have (come) = tu se cuvenea (trebuia) sa fi (venit)

he/she/it should have (come) = el/ea se cuvenea (trebuia) sa fi (venit)

we should have (come) = noi se cuvenea (trebuia) sa fi (venit)

you should have (come) = voi se cuvenea (trebuia) sa fi (venit)

they should have (come) = ei/ele se cuvenea (trebuia) sa fi (venit)

N || I should not (shouldn't) have (come) = eu nu se cuvenea (nu trebuia) sa fi (venit) etc.

I || should I have (come) ? = eu se cuvenea (trebuia) sa fi (venit) ? = se cuvenea (trebuia) sa fi (venit) eu ?

I - N || should I not (shouldn't I) have (come) ? = eu nu se cuvenea (nu trebuia) sa fi (venit) ? = nu trebuia (nu se     cuvenea) sa fi (venit) eu ? etc.

will - would - o

A || I would have (come) = eu voiam sa fi (venit)

you would have (come) = tu voiai sa fi (venit)

he/she/it would have (come) = el/ea voia sa fi (venit)

we would have (come) = noi voiam sa fi (venit)

you would have (come) = voi voiati sa fi (venit)

they would have (come) = ei/ele voiau sa fi (venit)

N ||   I would not (wouldn't) have (come) = eu nu voiam sa fi (venit) etc.

I || would I have (come) ? = voiam eu sa fi (venit) ? etc.

I - N || would I not (wouldn't I) have (come) ? = eu nu voiam sa fi (venit) ? etc.

ought to

A || I ought to have come = eu s-ar fi cuvenit sa vin = eu se cuvenea sa fi venit

you ought to have come = tu s-ar fi cuvenit sa vii = tu se cuvenea sa fi venit

he/she/it ought to have come = el/ea s-ar fi cuvenit sa vina = el/ea se cuvenea sa fi venit

we ought to have come = noi s-ar fi cuvenit sa venim = noi se cuvenea sa fi venit

you ought to have come = voi s-ar fi cuvenit sa veniti = voi se cuvenea sa fi venit

they ought to have come = ei/ele s-ar fi cuvenit sa vina = ei/ele se cuvenea sa fi venit

N ||   I ought not (oughtn't) to have come = eu nu s-ar fi cuvenit sa vin = eu nu se cuvenea sa fi venit etc.

I ||    ought I to have come ? = eu s-ar fi cuvenit sa vin ? = eu se cuvenea sa fi venit ? etc.

I - N || ought I not (oughtn't I) to have come ? = eu nu s-ar fi cuvenit sa vin ? = eu nu se cuvenea sa fi venit ?

Did he/she tell you why you ought to do it ? = Ti-a spus el/ea tie de ce trebuie (se cuvine/cade) s-o faci ? = ti-a spus

el/ea tie de ce trebuia (se cuvenea/cadea) s-o faci ?

Did he/she tell you that you ought to have done it ? = Ti-a spus el/ea tie ca se cuvine/cuvenea s-o fi facut ?

Ought your friend to have been an engineer ? = Se cuvenea prietenul tau sa fie inginer? = Se cuvenea prietenul tau

sa fi fost inginer ?

If I were you I should/would learn more. = Daca as fi in locul tau as invata mai mult.

If I had seen you I might have helped you. = Daca te-as fi vazut as fi putut sa te ajut.

Had I known him I should/would have helped him. = Sa-l fi cunoscut, l-as fi ajutat.

Even if they had been there, they couldn't have helped us. = Chiar daca ei ar fi fost acolo nu ar fi putut sa ne ajute.

C. Conjugarea verbelor principale la conditional perfect - diateza activa

to read = a citi

A || I should/would have read = eu as fi citit     we should/would have read = noi am fi citit

you would have read = tu ai fi citit you would have read = voi ati fi citit

he/she would have read = el/ea ar fi citit they would have read = ei/ele ar fi citit

N || I should/would not have read = I shouldn't/wouldn't have read = eu nu as fi citit = eu n-as fi citit etc.

I ||    should/would I have read ? = eu as fi citit ? = as fi citit eu ? etc.

I - N || should/would I not have read ? = shouldn't/wouldn't I have read ? = eu nu as (eu n-as) fi citit ? = nu

as (n- as) fi citit eu ? etc.

D. Conjugarea verbelor principale la conditional perfect- diateza pasiva

to be seen = a fi vazut

A || I should/would have been seen = eu as fi fost vazut(a)

you would have been seen = tu ai fi fost vazut(a)

he/she/it would have been seen = el/ea ar fi fost vazut(a)

we should/would have been seen = noi am fi fost vazuti/vazute

you would have been seen = voi ati fi fost vazuti/vazute

they would have been seen = ei/ele ar fi fost vazuti/vazute

N ||   I should/would not have been seen = I shouldn't/wouldn't have been seen = eu nu as (eu n-as) fi fost   vazut(a) etc.

I ||    should/would I have been seen ? = eu as fi fost vazut(a) ? = as fi fost eu va- zut(a) ? etc.

I - N ||  should/would I not have been seen ? = shouldn't/wouldn't I have been seen ? = eu nu as (eu n-as) fi

fost vazut(a) ? = nu as (n-as) fi fost eu vazut(a) ? etc.

E. Conjugarea verbelor reflexive la conditional perfect

to enjoy oneself = a se distra

A || I should/would have enjoyed myself = eu m-as fi distrat

you would have enjoyed yourself = tu te-ai fi distrat

he would have enjoyed himself = el s-ar fi distrat

she would have enjoyed herself = ea s-ar fi distrat

we should/would have enjoyed ourselves = noi ne-am fi distrat

you would have enjoyed yourselves = voi v-ati fi distrat

they would have enjoyed themselves = ei/ele s-ar fi distrat

N || I should/would not (I shouldn't/wouldn't) have enjoyed myself = eu nu m-as fi distrat etc.

I || should/would I have enjoyed myself? = eu m-as fi distrat? = m-as fi distrat eu? etc.

I - N || should/would I not have enjoyed myself ? = shouldn't/wouldn't I have enjoyed myself ? = eu nu m-as fi distrat ?= nu m-as fi distrat eu ? etc.

Exemple care contin verbe la subjonctiv si conditional

I should/would come if I could come. = As veni daca as putea sa vin.

We should/would come if we should/would come. = Am veni daca ar trebui sa venim.

They would come if they might come. = Ei ar veni daca le-ar fi permis sa vina.

I should/would have come if I had had time. = Eu as fi venit daca as fi avut timp.

We should/would have come if we had had to come. = Noi am fi venit daca ar fi trebuit sa venim.

He would have come if it had not been so late. = El ar fi venit daca n-ar fi fost asa tarziu.

We should/would have given you the books if we have found you at home. = V-am fi dat cartile daca v-am fi gasit acasa.

If he hadn't told me the truth, I shouldn't/wouldn't have given him anything. = Daca nu mi-ar fi spus adevarul, nu i-as fi dat nimic.

He wishes he were rich. = El ar vrea sa fie bogat. (dar nu este)

1.6.2.4. Modul imperativ (The Imperative Mood)

Exprima un sfat, un indemn, un ordin, o sugestie, o recomandare, o rugaminte, o dorinta, o urare etc.

Come here ! = Vino/Veniti aici !

Wait a moment ! = Asteapta/Asteptati o clipa !

Speak louder ! = Vorbeste/Vorbiti mai tare !

Rugaminti, ordine, recomandari, urari sau comenzi pot fi adresate si persoanelor I si III. In acest caz se apeleaza la auxiliarul let care este urmat de un pronume sau substantiv in acuzativ si apoi de un verb la infinitiv scurt prezent.

A || let me go! = sa merg/plec eu! = sa ma duc eu!

go! = mergi/pleaca! = du-te!

let him go! = sa mearga/plece el! = sa se duca el!

let her go! = sa mearga/plece ea! = sa se duca ea!

let it go! = sa mearga/plece el/ea! = sa se duca el/ea!

let us go! = let's go! = sa mergem/plecam noi! = sa ne ducem noi!

go! = mergeti/plecati! = duceti-va!

let them go! = sa mearga/plece ei/ele! = sa se duca ei/ele!

N ||   do not (don't) let me go! = let me not go! = sa nu merg/plec eu!

do not (don't) go! = nu te duce! = nu pleca!

do not (don't) let him go! = let him not go! = sa nu mearga/plece el! = el sa nu se duca!

do not (don't) let her go! = let her not go! = sa nu mearga/plece ea!= ea sa nu se duca!

do not (don't) let it go! = let it not go! = sa nu mearga/plece el/ea! = el/ea sa nu se duca!

do not (don't) let us go! = sa nu plecam/mergem! = sa nu ne ducem!

do not (don't) go! = nu plecati/mergeti! = (sa) nu va duceti!

do not (don't) let them go! = let them not go! = sa nu plece/mearga ei/ele! = sa nu se duca!

Modul imperativ are doar timpul prezent.

Do come to see us! = Insist sa vii pe la noi! este o forma accentuata de imperativ.

Do be careful what you are doing! = Fii foarte atent ce faci!

Trust in God and He will watch over you! = Crede in Dumnezeu, iar El va veghea asupra ta!